Most of the parabolic concentrator employs only a truncated portion of the parabola. The system consists of a series of evacuated solar thermal absorbers paired with wideangle, nonimaging reflectors that gather and concentrate both direct and indirect sunlight. Per the nonimaging optics wiki, c is the ratio of input and output aperture areas. Optical performance analysis and design optimisation of. This parabolic trough 73% efficient solar power world. Research team rizwan masood, student of chemical engineering department, uet lahore. The initial installation cost of these parabolic trough solar collectors consti tutes the. The dielectric concentrator profiles have been realized via truncation of the complete compound parabolic concentrator profiles to achieve a geometric concentration ratio of 2. Focusing collectors can have radiation increase from low value of 1. C applications, concentrating type collectors are suitable. In this study, a design model for a two dimension compound parabolic solar thermal concentrator cpc is theoretically analyzed. The necessity for the optical systems, in fact, is to operate at an incident angle range for the impinging radiation at which its efficiency is the highest. These concentrators do not have such strict requirements for the incidence angle as the parabolic troughs have, which makes.
Steven dubowsky professor department of mechanical engineering massachusetts institute of technology cambridge, 029 ma. Flat plate collectors have been widely used for applications that demand temperature below 90. Electroformed compound parabolic concentrators are used to efficiently collect and concentrate light from a distant source. This is also will lead to the decreases of concentration ratio but it will be negligible. Design optimisation of compound parabolic concentrator. The second part is a compound parabolic concentrator cpc above the nanoled to narrow the outgoing light angular distribution so most of the light would be accepted by an imaging system. This device, however, has the disadvantage of having low operating efficiency and a low production rate of fresh water.
Kp performance antennas high performance parabolic antenna this proline parabolic antenna is engineered to suppress sidelobes and backlobes and are excellent at rejecting interference. Usually used in collaboration with a heat exchange unit, a device that moves heat from the focused light to moving fluid inside the heat exchange, a parabolic solar concentrator can be made easily in your own backyard. Pdf optical performance of double receiver compound. In 1974 when the suitability of the compound parabolic concentrator cpc. The performance of the cpc working under these single and multiphase conditions is governed by the axial fractional channel lengths of the nonboiling and the superheating regions. The fundamental characteristics of the performance of a parabolic trough solar collector are its concentration ratio and its optical efficiency. It further discusses the disadvantages of solar trackers and suggests compound parabolic concentrators as a viable option for tracking.
Oct 06, 2011 compound parabolic concentrators cpcs are concentrator lenses made from rotated parabolic shapes to create specific accep. Its uses do not contribute to emission of greenhouse gases and other pollutants to the environment. The size of the concentrator is determined by its engine. Proceedings of the 2nd world congress on mechanical, chemical, and material engineering mcm16 budapest, hungary august 22 23, 2016 paper no. Building integrated compound parabolic photovoltaic. The compound parabolic concentrator cpc is a highly interesting solar collector technology for different lowconcentration applications due to no tracking requirement. This would greatly influence the solar radiation collection and thus the efficiency of the system. The trough has a parabolic crosssection consisting of that portion of the parabolic curve between its intersections with the latus rectum. Heliostats are tracking mirrors that reflect solar energy onto a fixed target. With acceptance angle options of 25, our cpcs are able to accommodate a variety of light sources and configurations. Design and evaluation of a compound parabolic concentrator.
This page concentrates on providing links, information and plans for build it yourself concentrating collectors and heliostats. Design of a parabolic trough solar collector using a concentrator with. This paper gives an overview of the existing solar tracking systems, their benefits and outcomes. This necessitates the need to develop energy equations for computation of. Sep 03, 2010 it is used to predict the performance of a given parabolic trough and compare competing technologies.
C and large amount of research efforts are already made. In a wireless infrared link, the angular distribution of re. Compound parabolic concentrators cpcs are a class of concentrators that consist of rotated parabolic sections which have a concentration factor for planar receivers which is the thermodynamic limit. It is sized so that the length of the parabolic curve is the same as the. They so far have the highest heatelectricity conversion efficiencies among all csp designs up to 30 %. In what follows, we assume n 1, and refer to n simply as the refractiveindex. These parabolic antennas maximize the potential of your radio by improving signal strength and reducing the noise floor in your link. Currently, there are two available designs of parabolic concentrator. Practical development of compound parabolic concentrator compound parabolic concentrators cpc, concentrate radiation from the aperture to the receiver norton et al, 2011 and most of the incoming beam and diffuse radiation can be collected andor reflected onto the absorber surface kessentini and bouden, 20.
It is shown that cpcs height is taller and its light collecting ability is stronger with the cpcs field of view decreasing when the bottom radius is unchanged. This significantly magnifies the power of the sun, generating intense amounts of heat. The parabolic trough collectors ptc consist of solar collectors mirrors, heat receivers and support structures. Summary currently, all compound parabolic concentrators cpcs for photovoltaic pv application consist of reflecting surfaces in the form of a. Mar 21, 2017 in my opinion using the equation driven sketch tool is what is over complicating the problem. Development of a compound parabolic solar concentrator to. It focuses the solar energy on a line, through which water flows. Parabolic solar collector ayush khare 1, sachin saxena, c h tyagi1 and sanjeev kumar1 corresponding author. The necessity of moving the concentrator to accommodate the changing solar orientation can be reduced by using a trough with two sections of a. The support structure of the parabolic solar concentrator has two arms at the ends to keep the metal and glass tubes on the focus of the parabola as shown in figure 4. These arms are used simultaneously to form an axis of rotation, which helps the parabolic solar concentrator follow the sun and thereby. Solar trackers are used to ensure that the solar panel is at a perpendicular with the sun, so that it maximizes the energy falling on it. They need to be relatively precise and are expensive to fabricate and to transport.
The parabolic shaped mirrors are constructed by forming a sheet of reflective material into a parabolic shape that concentrates incoming sunlight onto a central receiver tube at the focal line of the collector. The same as in pure parabola case, troughs are most widespread and useful for this type of concentrator. Researchers are continuously working on making renewable energy more. Previously, polish processing was the only way possible to manufacture compound parabolic concentrators cpc. Development and experimental investigation of a compound. Parabolic trough is also considered one of the most mature and most commercially proven technologies in the utility scale csp facilities mendelsohn et al.
The governing equations continuity, momentum and energy inside the cpc absorber tube, together with the energy equation in the tube wall and the. Compound parabolic collector an overview sciencedirect. Compound parabolic concentrators are critical components in solar energy collection, wireless communication, biomedical and defense research, or. This page describes the design, construction, and operation of a troughtype parabolic solar concentrator. C, depending on the efficiency of the concentrator.
Concentrating solar collectors use shaped mirrors or lens to provide higher temperatures that flat plate collectors. The two dimensional design of a parabolic concentrator is equals to a parabola. This page concentrates on providing links, information and plans for build it. Our parabolic antennas are perfectly suited for high density pointtopoint. Compound parabolic concentrator cpc is a special type of solar. There are many possible uses for solar concentrators.
The cpc with a tubular absorber is the most common type of cpc. Unlike traditional imaging optics, the techniques involved do not attempt to form an image of the source. The use of oversized absorber tubes reduced the net concentration. Like parabolic and other shapes, cpc concentrators can be applied in both linear troughs and threedimensional parabolocylinder versions. The concentration ratio up to 10 can be achieved in the nontracking mode easily. It is widely used as a reflecting solar concentrator.
This means that if the input area is 1m2 then the output will be 0. An example of such design is the semi cylindrical parabolic solar concentrator. Application of a compound parabolic concentrator to a multisource highflux solar simulator. According to the zemax analysis, cpc is good at collecting optical signal, and the antenna combining cpc with hemispherical lens can gather. The sunlight which enters the mirror parallel to its plane of symmetry is focused along the focal line, where objects are positioned that are intended to be heated. Compound parabolic concentrators cpcs are designed to efficiently collect and concentrate distant light sources, with some acceptance angle. Compound parabolic concentrators for narrowband wireless. Abstracta compound parabolic concentrator cpc is a well known nonimaging concentrator that will concentrate the solar radiation onto receiver pv cell.
So putting a 45 degree half angle into the equation gives c 2. Theoretical study of the compound parabolic trough solar. Collimates a light source or concentrates light from distant sources. The collector concept was originated by winston in 1978.
Mechanical design of a low cost parabolic solar dish concentrator. Apart from the cpc, which can accept diffuse radiation, a concentrating collector can utilize only. In a solar cooker, for example, food is placed at the focal line. Modelling of compound parabolic concentrators for photovoltaic applications efficiency are not strictly required.
Secondary and compound concentrators parabolic dish solar. Abstracteven though most variations of solar concentrators have palmistry guide in urdu pdf been studied or. A parabolic trough is a one dimensional parabola that focuses solar energy onto a line. A semicylindrical parabolic solar concentrator is based upon the direct conversion of solar energy to thermal energy by heating, reaching temperatures above 300. This study presents a comparison of a novel lenswalled compound parabolic concentrator lenswalled cpc with the common mirror and dielectric e. Compound parabolic concentrators as solar trackers inpressco. Parabolictrough concentrator the accuracy of the solar tracking depends to a great extent on the solar coordinates at a particular. A thermal and optical analysis of the performance of a refrigerant charged compound parabolic concentrator cpc for solar applications operating in nonboiling, boiling and superheated regimes is presented. The concept of the compound parabolic concentrator cpc as a primary concentrator has received some attention in the field of building integrated pv, but only for low concentration 5x nontracking applications with few exceptions4,5.
Building integrated compound parabolic photovoltaic concentrator. Parabolic dish systems use satellitelike mirror dishes to focus the light onto a singlecentral receiver in front of the mirror. Mechanical design of a low cost parabolic solar dish. Design and test of nonevacuated solar collectors with. The idea of concentrating solar thermal energy is an area that has received significant attention in recent years. The integrated compound parabolic concentrator icpc uses a cpc in a vacuum tube. They have the capability of reflecting to the absorber all of the incident radiation within wide limits. Compound parabolic concentrator cpc compound parabolic concentrator diagram.
The heliostat mirror system of the central tower receiver is, in principle, a special form of parabolic dish. The compound parabolic concentrator cpc comes from the development and optimization of cone concentrator during which the theoretical concentration ratio. Compound parabolic concentrator diagram electroformed compound parabolic concentrators are used to efficiently collect and concentrate light from a distant source. Pdf mathematical modeling and analysis of compound. Osa compound parabolic concentrator applied as receiving.
The parabolic dish solar concentrator system mainly consists of base support, concave dish frame, reflecting sheets, conversion unit and suntracking system as shown in fig. Compound parabolic collectors cpcs are nonimaging concentrators. Compound parabolic concentrators cpcs are concentrator lenses made from rotated parabolic shapes to create specific accep. Application of a compound parabolic concentrator to a multi. Energy equations for the computation of parabolictrough collector efficiency using. Pdf modelling of compound parabolic concentrators for.
Cpcs have the highest possible concentration ratio, so putting them inside a vacuum tube saves material while increasing efficiency. A compound parabolic concentrator cpc is a well known non imaging concentrator that will concentrate the solar radiation onto receiver pv cell. A distinct property that it has is that it can focus all the parallel rays from the sun to a single focus point, f as shown in figure 2. Design and fabrication of parabolic solar concentrator with sole objective to define future projects to save natural gas 29jul08 2rizwan masood.
Compound parabolic concentrators cpcs edmund optics. Nov 25, 2010 a parabolic trough collector it is a principle of geometry that a parabolic reflector pointed at the sun will reflect parallel rays of light to the focal point of the parabola. A wide variety of parabolic solar concentrator options are available to you, such as type, application, and pipe material. By incorporating compound parabolic concentrators cpcs for augmenting the light collection of the. Pdf compound parabolic concentrators for narrowband. Concentrators for these systems have traditionally been parabolic mirrors, hence the name, parabolic di sh systems. A parabolic trough is a type of solar thermal collector that is straight in one dimension and curved as a parabola in the other two, lined with a polished metal mirror. A compound parabolic concentrator cpc is a reflective, nonimaging optical device which employs specifically configured parabolic properties to take advantage of the maximum concentration of light energy. Energy equations for computation of parabolictrough. Find compound parabolic concentrator related suppliers, manufacturers, products and specifications on globalspec a trusted source of compound parabolic concentrator information. Compound parabolic concentrators cpcs are designed to efficiently collect and concentrate distant light sources.
Nonimaging optics also called anidolic optics is the branch of optics concerned with the optimal transfer of light radiation between a source and a target. It is not efficiency like it is in some other equations. Nrel tests show the skytroughs thermal efficiency at 350 c 662 f to be over 73%, meaning that nearly three quarters of the solar radiation striking the trough surface is converted into thermal energy. Optical performance of double receiver compound parabolic concentrator article pdf available in energy procedia 61. Parabolictrough concentrator the accuracy of the solar tracking depends to a great extent on the solar coordinates at a particular location and at a given instant. Pdf optical design of two dimension compound parabolic. For solar tracking applications, cpcs offer the possibility of high solar concentration ratios, in. It is used to predict the performance of a given parabolic trough and compare competing technologies. One is by rotating the two dimensional design along the xaxis to produce a parabolic dish, and the other way is by having a parabolic trough. The tracking system is dual axis tracking system with slew drivers. In my opinion using the equation driven sketch tool is what is over complicating the problem.
A solar concentrator was designed using a detailed onedimensional numerical model previously developed to describe the heat and fluiddynamic behavior inside a compound parabolic concentrator cpc. About 33% of these are solar collector, 12% are solar energy system. A parabolic solar concentrator is a curved array of mirrors that reflects all incident light onto a single point. The twodimensional 2d compound parabolic concentrator s cpc characteristics are analyzed. The geometry of a cpc collector is demonstrated in figure 2.
A parabolic solar concentrator is a device that focuses light on a point to heat an object. The compound parabolic concentrator cpc is another nonimaging concentrator that is widely employed in infrared systems 17 and significantly improves the collection efficiency ofthe optical. Design of a parabolic trough solar collector using a. Their potential as collectors of solar energy was pointed out by winston 1974.
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